CRUD

When you use CRUD, it helps to manage how database records are updated without error.

CRUD SQL 

how to update records in SQL

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Estimated reading time: 3 minutes

There are multiple reasons for wanting to update records in a database table, from data quality to enriching your data for any machine learning projects.

One example maybe where you want to add a creation date to a record.

In this blog post we will look at how to update database records, and also where you try to apply updates and they cannot be completed.

The where clause will become important as it allows you to identify specific records.

It will be updating the records below:

Updating a single record

--Update one record on its own
UPDATE dbo.CUSTOMER
SET customer_type = 'WEB'
WHERE CUSTOMER_NO = 125872;

Running the above code gives this output, resulting in the value been updated per our SQL statement.

Updating multiple rows at once

There maybe scenarios where you want to have multiple records/rows updated at once, the below code will provide you with an example of how this can be achevied:

--Update multiple rows at once
UPDATE dbo.CUSTOMER
SET customer_type = 'WEB'
WHERE CUSTOMER_NO in(333333,456789)

This will now give you updated values in the output below. It is a very handy way to at once get multiple records updated.

Show an update that is valid but will not change anything

--Show an update request that does not complete
UPDATE dbo.CUSTOMER
SET CUSTOMER_NO = 2,customer_type = 'ERROR'
WHERE CUSTOMER_NO = 456789222 ---> will not execute as this value does not exist, it ignores.

With the above code, we have a valid update statement. In this scenario it will not complete as the CUSTOMER_NO does not exist on the database table.

In essence the output is exactly the same as in the previous example.

Update multiple column values

In our final example here, we are going to show how to update the CUSTOMER_No and the customer_type values.

The below SQL will change both values, but it is important to note that as the CUSTOMER_NO is a primary key, it cannot be changed to a number that already exists as primary keys can’t be null or have duplicates.

UPDATE dbo.CUSTOMER
SET CUSTOMER_NO = 3,customer_type = 'ERROR'
WHERE CUSTOMER_NO = 333333

So to wrap up there are a number of ways to update your database table. Here we have introduced some examples. There are also some additional steps you could take:

  1. Count all the records before and after to ensure they remain the same.
  2. Create a copy of the table before updates are applied, and then compare that to the updated table. The differences should be what you expect to see.

how to write subqueries in SQL

how to groupby in a select statement

how to insert data into a table in SQL

how to join tables in SQL

class CRUD Python SQLite 

create read update delete using Tkinter

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Estimated reading time: 3 minutes

CRUD ( create, read, update, delete) is a programming language acronym notably for how to manage updates to a database.

It is commonly used when talking about storing data on a database and follows the following rules:

  • The ability to create or add new records.
  • Be able to read and or retrieve the records.
  • If an update is needed, then allow those updates to be posted to the database successfully.
  • To ensure records are maintained correctly and deleted where a delete request is requested.

Generally speaking, with crud operations, it is related to persistent storage principles, more information can be found here basic functions of persistent storage (datacadamia.com)

Given these points when using graphical user interfaces, and trying to introduce crud functionality to your database applications, together with the design of the application, should yield:

  • Good database design.
  • Reducing complexity.
  • Eliminate duplication.
  • Have consistency.

We have spoken about the use of CRUD, but what are its benefits?

Security roles can be enabled

In addition, CRUD brings they bring structure to what actually can happen on a server, in essence, the ability to apply updates is managed tightly.

Helps put structure around what an application can do

Equally important, in building an application for use by users, knowing what they will do can prompt the designers to ask questions about what the user will actually do.

For example probably when Twitter was been designed, the things that probably where thought of :

Create a tweet – Functionality for the user to create and post a tweet, that gets saved to the database.

Read a tweet – Load all tweets from the database to the users interface.

Update – Allow a user to update their account profile or tweet timeline.

Delete – A user can delete their own tweets, their profile and or account.

Data flows between servers can be managed easier

Similarly, with the modern use of technology and processes moving online, data flows around between lots of people and organizations.

With this in mind, the need to send and receive data has to be managed more efficiently and securely.

As a result, data coming into the server can be controlled as to where it is received and updated. This can be accomplished by the security roles discussed above.

Using classes with CRUD

The use of Python classes is commonly seen in many applications, for this reason we have used them again below.

Uniquely classes will only help to enhance your computer programme and organization of code, as a result of removing duplication and simplifying the code.

Classes are a very useful way to manage the structure of your code, thus keeping everything centralized.

Sooner or later if this was not implemented the project would become too difficult to manage, and maintenance and updates would become difficult to manage.

In the below video we take you through the steps involved in applying this methodology, using an SQLite database.

We use Python Classes to manage the different requests by the user, the details can be found here

When applying these updates, we have written the code that will apply the following SQL updates:

  • Select
  • Update
  • Insert
  • Delete

As can be seen these four SQL commands are the commonly used across any application to perform these requests in a CRUD application.

It is also important that your data types are synced between your Tkinter application and your SQL logic.

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